{"id":233413,"date":"2022-04-13T12:08:03","date_gmt":"2022-04-13T17:08:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/investigaciones\/paramilitarismo-violencia-sexual-costa-caribe-de-colombia\/"},"modified":"2023-10-02T08:51:37","modified_gmt":"2023-10-02T13:51:37","slug":"paramilitarismo-violencia-sexual-costa-caribe-de-colombia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/paramilitarismo-violencia-sexual-costa-caribe-de-colombia\/","title":{"rendered":"Paramilitarismo y violencia sexual en la costa Caribe de Colombia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading accent-header\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-63375db1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/es.insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Paramilitarismo-y-violencia-sexual-en-la-costa-Caribe-de-Colombia-InSight-Crime-Apr-2022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Descargue el informe completo (PDF)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esta investigaci\u00f3n narra la historia de Carolina y Karen, dos sobrevivientes de violencia sexual por parte Hern\u00e1n Giraldo, un comandante paramilitar de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, al norte de Colombia. Estas mujeres hacen parte de las m\u00e1s de 200 ni\u00f1as y mujeres que fueron violentadas en el departamento de Magdalena. <br><br>El abuso sexual fue una herramienta que le sirvi\u00f3 a Giraldo para generar un fuerte control social e imponerse en el territorio desde la d\u00e9cada de los 90 hasta la primera mitad de los 2000. Las huellas psicol\u00f3gicas y f\u00edsicas de este crimen permanecen en la vida y cuerpos de Karen y Carolina quienes han luchado por a\u00f1os por olvidar y seguir adelante con sus vidas.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\t<div\n\t\tclass=\"wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles wpnbha show-image image-alignleft ts-2 is-1 is-landscape show-category \"\n\t\tstyle=\"\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t<div data-posts data-current-post-id=\"233413\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"article-section-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Cap\u00edtulos<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<article data-post-id=\"180754\"\n\t\tclass=\"tag-las-auc tag-colombia-pais tag-genero-y-crimen-organizado category-investigaciones type-post post-has-image\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/un-imperio-criminal-violentaba-ninas-mujeres\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-1-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image\" alt=\"Un imperio criminal que violentaba a ni\u00f1as y mujeres\u00a0\" data-hero-candidate=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-1-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=370 370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-1-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=400 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><!-- .featured-image -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cat-links \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/investigaciones\/\">Investigaciones<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/un-imperio-criminal-violentaba-ninas-mujeres\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Un imperio criminal que violentaba a ni\u00f1as y mujeres\u00a0<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Eran las 7:00 de la noche. Carolina estaba acostada en su cama y encendi\u00f3 el televisor justo en el momento en que una reportera de uno de los noticieros nacionales estaba anunciando.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2022-04-13T07:11:56-05:00\">13 Abr 2022<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2023-10-19T10:48:04-05:00\">19 Oct 2023<\/time>\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-wrapper -->\n\t<\/article>\n\n\t\t\n\t<article data-post-id=\"180771\"\n\t\tclass=\"tag-las-auc tag-colombia-pais tag-genero-y-crimen-organizado category-investigaciones type-post post-has-image\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/rehacer-la-vida-mientras-las-balas-siguen-sonando\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-2-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image\" alt=\"Rehacer la vida mientras las balas siguen sonando\u00a0\u00a0\" data-hero-candidate=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-2-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=370 370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-2-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=400 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><!-- .featured-image -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cat-links \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/investigaciones\/\">Investigaciones<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"newspack-featured-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/tag\/genero-y-crimen-organizado\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tG\u00e9nero y Crimen\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/rehacer-la-vida-mientras-las-balas-siguen-sonando\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Rehacer la vida mientras las balas siguen sonando\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Despu\u00e9s de haber corrido por varias horas, Carolina, de 21 a\u00f1os, y su familia llegaron a la ciudad de Santa Marta en 2000. Ten\u00edan los pies llenos de ampollas y no ten\u00edan nada m\u00e1s sino la ropa que tra\u00edan puesta.\u00a0<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2022-04-13T12:05:35-05:00\">13 Abr 2022<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2023-10-19T10:48:20-05:00\">19 Oct 2023<\/time>\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-wrapper -->\n\t<\/article>\n\n\t\t\n\t<article data-post-id=\"180788\"\n\t\tclass=\"tag-las-auc tag-colombia-pais tag-derechos-humanos tag-gaitanistas tag-genero-y-crimen-organizado category-investigaciones type-post post-has-image\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/la-verdad-sale-a-la-luz\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-3-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image\" alt=\"La verdad sale a la luz\u00a0\u00a0\" data-hero-candidate=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-3-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=370 370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-3-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=400 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><!-- .featured-image -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cat-links \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/investigaciones\/\">Investigaciones<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"newspack-featured-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/tag\/genero-y-crimen-organizado\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tG\u00e9nero y Crimen\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/la-verdad-sale-a-la-luz\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">La verdad sale a la luz\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A comienzos de la d\u00e9cada de 2010, en una c\u00e1rcel en Estados Unidos, estaba el ex jefe paramilitar, Hern\u00e1n Giraldo Serna, esperando su sentencia por narcotr\u00e1fico.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2022-04-13T12:05:41-05:00\">13 Abr 2022<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2023-10-19T10:48:35-05:00\">19 Oct 2023<\/time>\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-wrapper -->\n\t<\/article>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\t<div\n\t\tclass=\"wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles alignfull wpnbha is-grid columns-4 colgap-3 show-image image-aligntop ts-3 is-3 is-landscape show-category \"\n\t\tstyle=\"\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t<div data-posts data-current-post-id=\"233413\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"article-section-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Contenido relacionado<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<article data-post-id=\"343988\"\n\t\tclass=\"tag-cocaina tag-derechos-humanos tag-extorsion tag-maduro-es tag-tren-del-llano-es tag-venezuela-pais category-investigaciones type-post post-has-image\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/cuando-tren-del-llano-fue-guerra-fraude-electoral-venganza-venezuela\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Narrative-Article-InSightCrime-Jun-2026.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"Cuando el Tren del Llano fue a la guerra: fraude electoral y venganza en Venezuela\" data-hero-candidate=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Narrative-Article-InSightCrime-Jun-2026.jpg?resize=900%2C675&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 900w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Narrative-Article-InSightCrime-Jun-2026.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Narrative-Article-InSightCrime-Jun-2026.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Narrative-Article-InSightCrime-Jun-2026.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Narrative-Article-InSightCrime-Jun-2026.jpg?resize=200%2C150&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Narrative-Article-InSightCrime-Jun-2026.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=370 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><!-- .featured-image -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cat-links \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/investigaciones\/\">Investigaciones<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"newspack-featured-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/tag\/tren-del-llano-es\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tTren del Llano\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/cuando-tren-del-llano-fue-guerra-fraude-electoral-venganza-venezuela\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Cuando el Tren del Llano fue a la guerra: fraude electoral y venganza en Venezuela<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2026-06-12T10:20:01-05:00\">12 Jun 2026<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2026-06-12T10:37:21-05:00\">12 Jun 2026<\/time>\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-wrapper -->\n\t<\/article>\n\n\t\t\n\t<article data-post-id=\"344100\"\n\t\tclass=\"tag-cocaina tag-cocaina tag-derechos-humanos tag-extorsion tag-maduro-es tag-multimedia-es tag-tren-del-llano-es tag-venezuela-pais category-investigaciones type-post post-has-image\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/dia-cayeron-bombas-cuando-fuerzas-seguridad-venezolanas-actuaron-sin-limites\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Visual-Explainer-InSightCrime-Jun-2026-3.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"El d\u00eda que cayeron las bombas: cuando las fuerzas de seguridad venezolanas actuaron sin l\u00edmites\" data-hero-candidate=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Visual-Explainer-InSightCrime-Jun-2026-3.jpg?resize=900%2C675&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 900w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Visual-Explainer-InSightCrime-Jun-2026-3.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Visual-Explainer-InSightCrime-Jun-2026-3.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Visual-Explainer-InSightCrime-Jun-2026-3.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Visual-Explainer-InSightCrime-Jun-2026-3.jpg?resize=200%2C150&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OP-ZARAZA-Cover-Visual-Explainer-InSightCrime-Jun-2026-3.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=370 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><!-- .featured-image -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cat-links \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/investigaciones\/\">Investigaciones<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"newspack-featured-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/tag\/derechos-humanos\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDerechos Humanos\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/dia-cayeron-bombas-cuando-fuerzas-seguridad-venezolanas-actuaron-sin-limites\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">El d\u00eda que cayeron las bombas: cuando las fuerzas de seguridad venezolanas actuaron sin l\u00edmites<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2026-06-12T10:19:14-05:00\">12 Jun 2026<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2026-07-01T19:23:29-05:00\">1 Jul 2026<\/time>\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-wrapper -->\n\t<\/article>\n\n\t\t\n\t<article data-post-id=\"325516\"\n\t\tclass=\"tag-colombia-pais tag-contrabando tag-el-eln tag-extorsion tag-los-rastrojos-es tag-venezuela-pais category-investigaciones type-post post-has-image\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/gobernanza-rebelde-control-social-eln-tachira\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-4-ELN.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"Gobernanza rebelde: el control social del ELN en T\u00e1chira\" data-hero-candidate=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-4-ELN.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-4-ELN.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-4-ELN.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-4-ELN.jpg?resize=200%2C150&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-4-ELN.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=370 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><!-- .featured-image -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cat-links \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/investigaciones\/\">Investigaciones<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/gobernanza-rebelde-control-social-eln-tachira\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Gobernanza rebelde: el control social del ELN en T\u00e1chira<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2025-12-08T01:00:00-05:00\">8 Dic 2025<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2025-12-08T13:07:50-05:00\">8 Dic 2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-wrapper -->\n\t<\/article>\n\n\t\t\n\t<article data-post-id=\"325572\"\n\t\tclass=\"tag-colombia-pais tag-el-eln tag-historias-narradas tag-paz-con-eln tag-venezuela-pais category-audio-es category-investigaciones type-post post-has-image\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/el-futuro-del-eln\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-5-ELN.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image\" alt=\"El futuro del ELN\" data-hero-candidate=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-5-ELN.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-5-ELN.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-5-ELN.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-5-ELN.jpg?resize=200%2C150&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Cover-Chapter-5-ELN.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=370 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><!-- .featured-image -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cat-links \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/investigaciones\/\">Investigaciones<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"newspack-featured-tag\" href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/tag\/el-eln\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tELN\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/el-futuro-del-eln\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">El futuro del ELN<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2025-12-08T01:00:00-05:00\">8 Dic 2025<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2026-01-15T15:09:29-05:00\">15 Ene 2026<\/time>\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-wrapper -->\n\t<\/article>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Esta investigaci\u00f3n narra la historia de Carolina y Karen, dos sobrevivientes de violencia sexual por parte Hern\u00e1n Giraldo, un comandante paramilitar de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, al norte [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":188,"featured_media":182103,"parent":18362,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"single-feature.php","meta":{"newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"newspack_featured_image_position":"behind","newspack_hide_page_title":false,"newspack_show_share_buttons":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[341],"tags":[574,547,3452],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"coauthors":[4351],"class_list":["post-233413","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-investigations","tag-auc","tag-colombia","tag-gender-and-organized-crime","entry"],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","canonical_url":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/paramilitarismo-violencia-sexual-costa-caribe-de-colombia\/","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"Paramilitarismo 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colombianos","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/giraldo_hernan.jpg?fit=350%2C250&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":180788,"url":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/la-verdad-sale-a-la-luz\/","url_meta":{"origin":233413,"position":1},"title":"La verdad sale a la luz\u00a0\u00a0","author":"Sara Garcia","date":"13 Abr 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"A comienzos de la d\u00e9cada de 2010, en una c\u00e1rcel en Estados Unidos, estaba el ex jefe paramilitar, Hern\u00e1n Giraldo Serna, esperando su sentencia por narcotr\u00e1fico.","rel":"","context":"En \u00abInvestigaciones\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Investigaciones","link":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/investigaciones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Ilustraci\u00f3n de varias mujeres juntas a la izquierda de una casa","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-3-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-3-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-3-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-3-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-3-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":180771,"url":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/investigaciones\/rehacer-la-vida-mientras-las-balas-siguen-sonando\/","url_meta":{"origin":233413,"position":2},"title":"Rehacer la vida mientras las balas siguen sonando\u00a0\u00a0","author":"Sara Garcia","date":"13 Abr 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Despu\u00e9s de haber corrido por varias horas, Carolina, de 21 a\u00f1os, y su familia llegaron a la ciudad de Santa Marta en 2000. Ten\u00edan los pies llenos de ampollas y no ten\u00edan nada m\u00e1s sino la ropa que tra\u00edan puesta.\u00a0","rel":"","context":"En \u00abInvestigaciones\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Investigaciones","link":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/investigaciones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Ilustraci\u00f3n mujeres y ni\u00f1as","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-2-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-2-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-2-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-2-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Sida-Herna-Giraldo-Capitulo-2-InSight-Crime-Marzo-2022.jpg?fit=1200%2C438&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":194191,"url":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/noticias\/entrevistas\/conflicto-armado-colombia-agudizo-violencia-contra-mujeres-comunidad-lgtbiq-comision-verdad\/","url_meta":{"origin":233413,"position":3},"title":"&#8216;El conflicto armado en Colombia agudiz\u00f3 la violencia contra mujeres y comunidad LGTBIQ+&#8217;: Comisi\u00f3n de la Verdad\u00a0","author":"Laura \u00c1vila","date":"4 Ago 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Los testimonios de mujeres y personas LGTBIQ+ en Colombia revelan la violencia desproporcionada que sufrieron durante el conflicto y advierten que, en la actualidad, se est\u00e1n dando nuevos ciclos de violencia por las disputas entre grupos armados por econom\u00edas il\u00edcitas como el narcotr\u00e1fico.","rel":"","context":"En \u00abQ&amp;A\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Q&amp;A","link":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/noticias\/entrevistas\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Alejandra Millner, economista, magister en Estudios Pol\u00edticos y miembro de la Comisi\u00f3n de la Verdad","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/alejandra-miller.jpg?fit=350%2C250&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":149909,"url":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/noticias\/violencia-contra-mujeres-arma-criminales-tibu-colombia\/","url_meta":{"origin":233413,"position":4},"title":"Violencia contra las mujeres: el arma de los criminales en Tib\u00fa, Colombia","author":"Alicia Florez","date":"2 Jul 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"En Tib\u00fa, Norte de Santander, las autoridades y la sociedad civil tienen las alarmas encendidas debido al recrudecimiento de la violencia criminal contra las mujeres en ese municipio colombiano.","rel":"","context":"En \u00abNoticias\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Noticias","link":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/category\/noticias\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Plat\u00f3n contra los feminicidios en Santander","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/insightcrime.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Mujeres-Tibu.jpg?fit=350%2C250&quality=100&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":195756,"url":"https:\/\/insightcrime.org\/es\/noticias\/pandillas-haiti-realizan-campana-masiva-violencia-sexual\/","url_meta":{"origin":233413,"position":5},"title":"Pandillas de Hait\u00ed adelantan una masiva campa\u00f1a de violencia sexual","author":"Scott Mistler-Ferguson","date":"23 Ago 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"M\u00e1s de cincuenta mujeres y ni\u00f1as han dado a conocer sus desgarradores relatos de violaciones y golpizas a manos de la mayor 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