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The InSight Take: The Military is Going to Leave Ecuador’s Prisons – What Comes Next?
Last week, Ecuador announced it would begin to withdraw military forces from the prisons, over a year and half after deploying them to break criminal control. Theโฆ
Ecuadorโs war on gangs has been in the making for years. But it became official in January 2024, when President Daniel Noboa declared a state of internal armed conflict following a series of seemingly coordinated gang riots and attacks on security forces.
Ecuador’s role as a cocaine highway continues to fuel the growth of gangs that have become a massive security threat. So far, the governmentโs militarized response lacks a clear exit strategy, and reports of human right abuses by security forces have started coming to light.
In this special series, InSight Crime tracks Noboa’s war on gangs and its effects on organized crime.

Criminal Profiles
Choneros
The Choneros is one of Ecuadorโs most prominent criminal groups, which first emerged in the late 1990s as a drug trafficking organization based in the city of Chone, a beach town on Ecuadorโs western province of Manabรญ.

Criminal Profiles
Lobos
The Lobos have emerged as Ecuadorโs strongest criminal group, with over 8,000 members spread throughout Ecuadorโs prisons and along major drug trafficking routes. The group has been involved in several devastating prison massacres in the country, which have killed close to 500 people since 2021.

Criminal Profiles
Lagartos
Made up of multiple smaller gangs with common allies and enemies, the Lagartos are one of Ecuadorโs prolific prison gangs, whose rivalry with the Choneros has spurned unprecedented levels of violence in Ecuadorโs streets and penitentiary system.

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